Using IMAGE Model to De-Center Stereotypes in EFL Colombian Eighth Graders

Main Article Content

Ana María Sagre-Barboza
Paula Andrea García-Montes
Sobeida del Carmen Correa-Morelo
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2283-1341

Abstract

This article informs the results of a study conducted at a public secondary school in Colombia whose purpose was to explore how eighth-grade students dispel judgment and stereotypes concerning cultural differences through authentic materials inserted in the IMAGE model. The research design involved a qualitative research method and the application of the action research cycle. The qualitative data were analyzed using deductive coding considering students’ three preconceived stereotypes. The results reveal that students could move from generalizing and having prejudices to being more mindful of cultural differences concerning the English language. Likewise, this study shows that the target language, grammar, culture, and content could be integrated into a single English class.

Article Details

How to Cite
Sagre-Barboza, A. M., García-Montes , P. A., & Correa-Morelo, S. del C. (2025). Using IMAGE Model to De-Center Stereotypes in EFL Colombian Eighth Graders. HOW, 32(1), 138–159. https://doi.org/10.19183/how.32.1.813
Section
Research Reports
Author Biographies

Ana María Sagre-Barboza, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia

She has a Ph.D. in Second Language Acquisition and Teaching from the University of Arizona, and an M.A. in Education from Universidad del Norte, Colombia. She is a full-time teacher at Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia.

Paula Andrea García-Montes , Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia

She is an English language teacher at Universidad de Córdoba. She has an M.A. in Education from Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla. She is a member of the SIC Research Group at Universidad de Córdoba. She studies genre-based pedagogy, SFL, Inclusion, Language, and Culture

Sobeida del Carmen Correa-Morelo, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia

She holds a Bachelor’s degree in basic education with emphasis on Spanish and English from CECAR. Currently, she is an undergraduate student from the English teaching program at Universidad de Córdoba. She is a member of the research group called R-voices. She has conducted research on culture and stereotypes.

References

Alfonso Vargas, A. J., & Romero Molina, P. X. (2023). Authentic materials and task design: A teaching amalgam for listening. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 25(1), 118–131. https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.18581

Barnes‐Karol, G., & Broner, M. A. (2010). Using images as springboards to teach cultural perspectives in light of the ideals of the MLA report. Foreign Language Annals, 43, 422-445. https://doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.2010.01091.x

Barrera, M. L., & Cantor, S. M. (2007). Socio-cultural stereotypes: Exploring students’ perceptions regarding social issues. HOW, 14 (1), 161-173. https://www.howjournalcolombia.org/index.php/how/article/view/103

Baskerville, R., & Pries-Heje, J. (1999). Grounded action research: A method for understanding IT in practice. Accounting, Management and Information Technologies, 9(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8022(98)00017-4

Beeghly, E. (2015). What is a Stereotype? What is Stereotyping? Hypatia, 30(4), 675–691. https://doi:10.1111/hypa.12170

Bennani, A. (2023). Deconstructing Culture Hegemony in the Tunisian EFL Textbooks: Cultural Linguistics Analytical Framework. In S. Damak & M. Remai (Eds.), From Deconstructing Narrative Vehicles to la Réécriture (pp. 248-268). CAEU Med Ali Edition.

Bernal, A. (2020). Authentic materials and tasks as mediators to develop EFL students’ intercultural competence. HOW, 27(1), 29-46. https://doi.org/10.19183/how.27.1.515

Berthelsen, C. B., Frederiksen, K., & Lindhardt, T. (2016). A discussion of differences in preparation, performance and postreflections in participant observations within two grounded theory approaches. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 31(2), 413–420. https://doi:10.1111/scs.12353

Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. Language Learning Journal, 10, 32–38.

Campbell, R. (2011). The impact of study abroad on Japanese language learners’ social networks. New Voices, 5, 25-63.

Castillo, C., Insuasty, E., & Jaime, M. (2017). The impact of authentic materials and tasks on students’ communicative competence at a Colombian language school. Profile, Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 19(1), 89-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v19n1.56763

Codina, M. (2020). The use of authentic materials to promote language diversity awareness in secondary education. [Bachelor dissertation, Universidad Central de Catalunya]. UVIC Campus Repository. http://dspace.uvic.cat/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10854/6511/trealu_a2020_codina_marta_use_authentic_materials.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Dervin, F. (2016). Interculturality in education. Palgrave Pivot.

Fandiño, Y. (2014). Teaching culture in Colombia Bilingüe: From theory to practice. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 16(1), 81-92. https://doi.org/10.14483/udistrital.jour.calj.2014.1.a07

Glisan, E., & Donato, R. (2017). Enacting the work of language instruction: High-Leverage Teaching Practices. The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.

Glisan, E., & Donato, R. (2021). Enacting the work of language instruction. The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.

Glotov, S. (2023). Intercultural film literacy education against cultural mis-representation: Finnish visual art teachers’ perspectives. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 15(1), 31-43. https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE-2023-15-1-3

Gomez, D. (2019, May 16-18). Developing Intercultural competence in the ELT speaker [Conference session]. Going beyond Theory: Rejuvenating Literacies, Culture, and Languages Pedagogy, Universidad de la Sabana, Chía, Colombia.

Holliday, A. (2020). Culture, communication, context, and power. In J. Jackson (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and intercultural communication. (pp. 39-54). Routledge.

Johnson, S. P., & English, K. (2003). Images, myths, and realities across cultures. The French Review, 492–506. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3133361

Kurylo, A. (2012). What are they like? Non-expert definitions of stereotypes and their implications for stereotype maintenance. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 9(4), 337–350. https://doi:10.1080/14780887.2010.500517

Liddicoat, A. J. (2009). Communication as culturally contexted practice: A view from intercultural communication. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 29(1), 115-133.

Linneberg, N., & Korsgaard, S. (2019). Coding qualitative data: a synthesis guiding the novice. Qualitative Research Journal, 19(3),259-270. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-12-2018-0012

Palacio, E., & Pulido, J. (2015). Developing intercultural competence through the exposure to authentic material in a public primary school [ Bachelor dissertation, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira]. UTP Campus Repository. https://repositorio.utp.edu.co/items/373ae4de-db32-420e-82af-18c70a1b9c00

Porto, M. (2019). Affordances, complexities, and challenges of intercultural citizenship for foreign language teachers. Foreign Language Annals, 52(1), 141-164.

Richards, J. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. Cambridge University Press.

Roberts, P., & Guenther, J. (2021). Framing rural and remote: Key issues, debates, definitions, and positions in constructing rural and remote disadvantage. In P. Roberts & M. Fuqua (Eds.), Ruraling Education Research: Connections Between Rurality and the Disciplines of Educational Research (pp. 13-27). Springer Singapore.

Sibley, C. G., & Osborne, D. (2015). Stereotype. The International Encyclopedia of Political Communication, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118541555.wbiepc096

Smith, C. S., & Hung, L. C. (2008). Stereotype threat: Effects on education. Soc Psychol Educ 11, 243–257. https://1007/s11218-008-9053-3

Touhami, M., & Sebbat, S. (2020). Teachers and students’ attitudes towards the use of authentic materials to raise learners’ cultural awareness. [Bachelor dissertation, Université de Jijel]. UNIV-Jijel Campus Repository. http://dspace.univ-jijel.dz:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/7599/420.407.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=

Vásquez-Guarnizo, J., Chía-Ríos, M., & Tobar-Gómez, M. (2020). EFL students’ perceptions on gender stereotypes through their narratives. Gist, Education and Learning Research Journal, 21, 141-166. https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.836

Vega, Y. (2020). Promoting intercultural competence, specifically skills of interpreting and relating through the use of image model mediated by ICT [Master Thesis, Universidad de Córdoba]

Wagner, M., & Alvarez, J (2022). Developing intercultural citizenship and humility in high school German. In I. McConachy, M. Golubeva, & T. Wagner (Eds.), Intercultural Learning in Language Education and Beyond: Evolving Concepts, Perspectives and Practices (pp. 31-47). Multilingual Matters.